Topic Summary
In applications that require a repetitive vertical concrete structural system, slip forms may be utilized. These types of forms are designed and constructed to be raised for repeat use as the structure rises. In horizontal applications, slip forms are integrated into equipment that can pave large expanses of concrete roadway, extrude curbing, and create other modularized concrete building blocks.
Concrete forming can also be designed to produce a decorative or textured finish surface through the use of architectural form details or form liners. Designs can range from repeated patterns, such as channels, flutes and wood patterns, to customized sculptural panels. Custom designs can be created by adding elements to the formwork to cause relief ( depressions and voids in concrete), though such designs should be engineered to maintain structural stability. Form liners are often used to ensure even, repetitive finish surfaces in large scale applications.
Another type of concrete forming is stay-in-place formwork, consisting of pre-fabricated, insulated concrete forms that can be used and left in place as part of the insulating system. The limitations of this type of forming system are related to the structural capacity of the insulating forms and the reinforcing methods.
Standards and Codes
- ICC International Building Code, Chapter 19
- ACI 318
- ACI 347-04 Guide to Formwork for Concrete
- ACI 347.2R-05 Guide for Shoring/Reshoring of Concrete Multistory Buildings
- Architectural Graphic Standards
- Formwork that is designed, fabricated, erected, supported, braced, and maintained in conformance with Sections 6 and 7 of the American National Standard for Construction and Demolition Operations -- Concrete and Masonry Work (ANSI) A10.9-1983
