This topic includes information related to linear wood ceilings installed during construction. Linear wood ceilings are suspended ceiling systems. Long linear wood boards are used in conjunction with acoustical felt and a supportive railing system. Finished boards are either spaced apart, abutted or overlapped.
Linear metal ceilings are panels hung from a suspension system in wall-to-wall or floating ceiling applications. Typically used in spaces where the design has greater importance than the efficiency of the lighting, linear metal ceilings are a type of suspended ceiling. Suspended ceilings have been used by architects and designers as part of the interior design for public spaces and commercial buildings for decades. The primary purpose of a secondary ceiling, such as a suspended ceiling, is to conceal the vast collection of building support systems which lie above, including the building structure and electrical and mechanical systems. Linear metal ceilings are a low maintenance finished ceiling option, and they have a high visual impact in interior or exterior spaces.
This topic includes information related to luminous ceilings installed during construction. Luminous ceiling are suspended systems that provide light to an interior space, similar to sunlight through roof openings. The systems incorporate translucent panels or tiles, which are held in place by a ceiling suspension system and electrical lighting fixtures; LED or fluorescent.
This topic includes information related to waterproofing-membrane tiling installed during construction. Waterproofing-membrane tiling utilizes a sheet, liquid or urethane membrane beneath tiling to prevent water from damaging the wood structure of a building. Waterproof membranes can be used under a various types of tile including; ceramic, quarry, paver, glass, mosaic, plastic, metal and stone.
This topic includes information related to stone tiling installed during construction. Stone tiling is a decorative, natural material that is typically used to cover floors and walls. Common types of stone include; marble, granite, limestone, travertine, quartz-based and slate. Stone tile color and appearance will vary from piece to piece, because it is a natural material. Various types of stone tile have varying characteristics that offer their own advantages and disadvantages for specific applications.
Glass tile, as the name implies, is made of pieces of glass which are formed into consistent shapes. As an interior finish item, glass tiles have become popular with designers for use in a variety of locations.
Quarry tile is a common type of floor finish material that is an unglazed blend of natural clays. Differing from ceramic tile, quarry tile is extruded to create a very dense product.
Plaster assemblies include traditional three coat systems over wood, metal, or rock lath, as well as more recent plaster systems such as veneer plasters.
Plaster in a traditional three coat system is unmatched in its strength and durability. This system is also fire resistive and can reduce sound transmission. Plaster must be applied in such a way that it adheres to the support surface; the support surface, in turn, must be strong enough to carry the weight of the plaster. In the past, applying a plaster coating over a stone or masonry wall seemed to satisfy the strength and texture requirements. However, when framed construction became popular, interior walls lacked both. To solve this problem, thin strips of wood called lath were applied perpendicular to the framing. This solution both strengthened the wall and created a uniform surface to which the plaster could adhere.
Around the world, plaster has been a mainstay of construction for thousands of years. Problems with old plaster vary according to a building's historical time period and the type of construction. With some basic tools, and by incorporating common materials along with today's technology, plaster restoration solutions present themselves.
Painting was originally a method of representing, documenting, or expressing the varied interests, subjects and beliefs that were a part of society. Paint as a material or method of decorating buildings did not become popular until the 19th century. Master builders and architects of the day used more permanent materials, such as carved stone or marble, colorful ceramic tiles, or pigmented stucco and plaster to develop their designs and decorate the exteriors of buildings.
Wallpaper is a decorative wall covering used in both residential and commercial spaces. It can be applied full height or used as a wainscot, border or decal. Wallpaper was invented by the Chinese, who applied rice paper to walls as early as 200 B.C. Since that time, several cultures (including the Chinese, Arabs, French, English and Americans) have contributed to the improvement of wallpaper through material developments. Today's wallpaper is a technologically advanced product that is available in a variety of materials, types, styles, and patterns. It is relatively easy to install and is very durable.
