This topic includes information related to concrete boring performed during construction. Concrete boring is the action of boring or drilling a cured concrete form with a powered concrete auger or drill. Holes in concrete slabs, walls or floors are often required for the passage of electrical, plumbing and HVAC equipment.

This topic includes information related to concrete cutting performed during construction. Concrete cutting is the action of cutting or sawing a cured concrete form with a powered concrete saw. Powered concrete saws use gasoline, hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical motors. Powered concrete saw types include: flat, track mounted, wire, hand or chain.

This topic includes information related to epoxy grouting used during construction. Epoxy grout is a stable volume grout used between ceramic, porcelain and quarry tile. The material is impervious to water, stains and chemical reactions.

This topic includes information related to non-shrink grout used during construction. A hydraulic cement, non-shrink grout, is commonly used as a setting bed between structural members. The components of a non-shrink grout prevent loss of material volume or shrinkage, making it suitable for structural grouting.

Grout is a strong cementitious mix or chemically-setting mix used for filling voids, joints, or cracks in concrete or masonry. There are two main categories of grout: cementitious grout and chemical grout. Cementitious grout has been used in the U.S. since the mid-1800's to create grouted reinforced masonry. This construction is normally used on buildings limited to a few stories. Cementitious grout is also used for embedding reinforcing bars, which increases the amount of load-bearing material in a masonry wall; for filling hollow metal door frames; for repairing cracks; and for connecting pre-cast concrete panels. Chemical grouts are fluid and are used for filling under the bearing plates of columns and machine bases or for injection to fill cracks. Grouts used for tiling, flooring, resin grout, flowable fill, stone restoration, and foundation and slab jacking are examples of more specialized grouts.

Cast Underlayment, often referred to generically as “gypcrete,” Maxxon Corp’s registered trademark name, has been used for the leveling of rough and uneven floors, for wood floor systems requiring fire ratings and acoustic control, and as the encapsulation material for in-floor radiant heating. The increased material strengths available today, along with ever-increasing competition, have led to the manufacture of more durable products and an increased use of cast underlayments since the 1990s. The application of cement underlayment is similar to traditional techniques for casting concrete. Cement underlayment (non-structural) can be added over existing concrete or timber floors, both interior and exterior, provided that the substrate is structurally sound.

This topic includes information related to concrete topping used during construction. Concrete topping is used over existing concrete slabs to level, reinforce floors and fill surface deformations. Cellular concrete is a lightweight, aerated concrete.

This topic includes information related to cast roof decks installed during construction. Cast roof decks are roof deck substrate systems that provide structural support to roofing materials and anticipated loads. Common types of cast roof decks include gypsum concrete and cementitious wood fiber roof decking. Gypsum concrete roof deck systems are assemblies of form boards, purlins, wire mesh and gypsum concrete. Cementitious wood fiber decking systems are tongue and groove panels.

This topic includes information related to precast concrete specialties installed during construction. Precast concrete specialties are concrete products that are cast in a controlled environment, delivered to a site and installed. Precast concrete specialties include; bollards, splash blocks, stair treads and trim.

This topic includes information related to tilt-up concrete placed during construction. Tilt-up concrete or tilt-up construction wall panels are concrete walls that are cast in forms on a cured slab next to their intended location, allowed to cure and then tilted up, into place. Tilt-up concrete wall panels have embedded connectors and attachments, are reinforced with steel, and formed to include openings and reveals within a panel. A crane is used to hoist or tilt the wall panel from it's horizontal position into the intended vertical position.

This topic includes information related to precast architectural concrete placed during construction. Precast architectural concrete is a product that is cast in a controlled environment, delivered to a site and lifted into place. Precast architectural concrete is an exposed concrete product that has an aesthetically pleasing, finished appearance. Precast architectural concrete can be formed, faced, pre-tensioned or post-tensioned products.

This topic includes information related to precast structural concrete placed during construction. Precast structural concrete is a product that is cast in a controlled environment, delivered to a site and lifted into place. Precast structural concrete has a dull, gray appearance that is commonly concealed behind finishes. It is reinforced with steel and produced for use as beams, columns, girders, joists, hollow core planks, stairs and slabs. Precast structural concrete also offers pre-tensioned and post-tensioned products.